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Diabetic Retinopathy: Understanding, Preventing, and Managing Vision Loss
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes and a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide. It occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the small blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. If left untreated, diabetic retinopathy can lead to severe vision loss or even blindness, making early detection and proper management crucial.
Understanding Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy develops gradually over time. In the early stages, known as non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), tiny blood vessels in the retina weaken, swell, or leak fluid. This may cause blurred vision or dark spots in the visual field. Many individuals in the early stages may not experience noticeable symptoms, which makes regular eye screenings essential for diabetics.
As the condition progresses, it can advance to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), characterized by the growth of…